Types of fuel used in aircraft
Several types of fuel are used for aircraft according to their different types, and the fuel types are divided into four main categories, the most important of which are:[١]
Jet fuel (Jet A-1, kerosene)
Kerosene (Jet A-1) is one of the basic fuels used in jet turbines, especially in civil aircraft for diesel engines compatible with it. Its highest ignition temperature reaches 38 degrees Celsius and its maximum freezing point reaches -47 degrees Celsius. ,[٢] It is also called (JP-1A), and its origin is a refined light oil known as kerosene, and it is one of the most demanded types in the world, so it is subject to quality specifications internationally standardized.[١]
Kerosene-gasoline mixture (Jet B)
The fuel (Jet B) is used in military aircraft, and it consists of 65% gasoline and 35% kerosene, and it is characterized by its ability to adapt to areas with low temperatures, due to its ability to burn at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius, and its maximum freezing point is -72 degrees Celsius, which is much lower than kerosene (Jet A-1),[٣] Therefore, Jet B fuel can be used in Canada and Alaska.[٤] Despite this, there must be compatibility between aircraft engines and the type of fuel they use.[٣] Jet B fuel is also hazardous, so it is rarely used.[٤]
aviation gasoline (AVGAS)
Avgas fuel is one of the types used for small aircraft at civil airports, which are powered by engines based on the piston principle, especially for private aviation, flying clubs, and for performing tasks training, and for aircraft used in There are two main types of Avgas fuel:[٥]
- Avgas 100 fuel.
- Fuel (Avgas 100 LL).
These numbers represent for each type the octane number used.[٥] Gasoline aircraft can also be operated on Avgas fuel, while aircraft powered by turbines or diesel engines are compatible with kerosene as fuel only.[١]
Biocyrosinan
Biokerosene is the alternative that will be adopted as a derivative of fossil fuel to run airplanes, due to its reliance on biofuels. Like Jatropha and Camelina oil, it is a mixture of kerosene and biofuel, and its compatibility with different types of aircraft has been confirmed after numerous test flights.[١]
Within the framework of the 2009 International Civil Aviation Conference in Spain, a humanitarian initiative was born under the name “Bioqueroseno”, which aims to replace and produce waste aviation fuel with bioquerosinane. It must produce biokerocinans, adopt refining techniques, but also provide logistics services for aeronautics.[٦]
Conclusion
The types of fuels used to power aircraft vary between aircraft types, in terms of size, engine that is made from it, and destination, whether military or civilian aircraft. used for airplanes; Jet fuel (Jet A-1), kerosene-gasoline blend (Jet B), aviation gasoline (Avgas), as well as biokerocinane.
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- ^ a B J w Aviation fuels: jet fuel, aviation gasoline (Avgas), Jet B, biokerosene, tanker, retrieved 2021-03-07. Edited.
- ↑ “A-1 plane”, aviation.totalenergies, retrieved 2021-03-07. Edited.
- ^ a B Aviation fuels: jet fuel, aviation gasoline (Avgas), Jet B, biokerosene, marquard-bahls.com, retrieved 2021-03-07. Edited.
- ^ a B “The different types of aviation fuel or jet fuel”, ijet.aero, 2021-05-01, retrieved 2021-03-07. Edited.
- ^ a B “AVGAS”, shell.com, retrieved 2021-03-07. Edited.
- ↑ “Biofuels for air transport”, etipbioenergy, retrieved 2021-03-07. Edited.
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